Protective coating for metal surfaces

ABSTRACT

FOR APPLYING A SELF-POLISHING COATING TO AN AUTOMOBILE BODY IN A CAR WASH AS A SEPARATE APPLICATION FOLLOWING WASH AND RINSE: RANGES OF INGREDIENTS IN PREFERRED COMPOSITION 3-10 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF CARNAUBA WAX 11-14 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF MINERAL OIL 7-14 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF CATIONIC EMULSIFIER 1-4 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF NON-IONIC EMULSIFIER HAVING 1-3 PARTS WATER SOLUBLE PORTION AND 1/4-1 PART OIL SOLUBLE PORTION SUFFICIENT WATER TO BRING 40 POUNDS OF THE FOREGOING INGREDIENTS TO A TOTAL OF 30 GALLONS IN VOLUME.   PROCEDURE   THE COMPOSITION IS EMULSIFIED BY STIRRING THE HEATED INGREDIENTS TO MAKE A CONCENTRATE. AT THE POINT OF USE THE CONCENTRATE IS USUALLY DILUTED. WATER IS ADDED AND STIRRED. IT IS THEN SPRAYED ON THE SURFACE TO BE PROTECTED AT A TEMPERATURE USUALLY 120*F. OR HIGHER. THE SPRAYING IS NORMALLY DONE WITH A VEHICLE OF ADDITIONAL HOT WATER. WHEN EXCESS MOISTURE IS WIPED OFF, A SELF-POLISHING GLOSSY AND PROTECTIVE COATING IS LEFT ON THE SURFACE. IN A TYPICAL CAR WASH USING FORTY TO FIFTY POUNDS PRESSURE, THE APPLICATION MAY INVOLVED TWELVE TO SIXTEEN OUNCES OF THE DILUTE SOLUTION APPLIED IN ABOUT THIRTY SECONDS WITH ABOUT FIVE TO EIGHT GALLONS OF WATER.

United States Patent 27,890 PROTECTIVE COATING FOR METAL SURFACES EdwardHolbns, 6108 Greenleaf Blvd Racine, Wis. 53406 No Drawing. Original No.3,518,099, dated June 30,

1970, Ser. No. 792,862, Jan. 21, 1969, which is a continuation-impart ofabandoned Ser. No. 469,309, July 22, 1965. Application for reissue June22, 1972, Ser. No. 265,263

Int. Cl. C08h 9/06; (209g 1/08 US. Cl. 106-10 9 Claims Matter enclosedin heavy brackets II II appears in the original patent but forms no partof this reissue specification; matter printed in italics indicates theadditions made by reissue.

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE For applying a self-polishing coating to anautomobile body in a car wash as a separate application following washand rinse:

Ranges of ingredients in preferred composition 3-10 parts by weight ofcarnauba wax 11-14 parts by weight of mineral oil 7-14 parts by weightof a cationic emulsifier 1-4 parts by weight of non-ionic emulsifierhaving 1-3 parts water soluble portion and %-1 part oil soluble portionSuflicient water to bring 40 pounds of the foregoing ingredients to atotal of 30 gallons in volume.

Procedure The composition is emulsified by stirring the heatedingredients to make a concentrate. At the point of use the concentrateis usually diluted. Water is added and stirred. It is then sprayed onthe surface to be protected at a temperature usually 120 F. or higher.The spraying is normally done with a vehicle of additional hot water.

When excess moisture is wiped oflF, a self-polishing glossy andprotective coating is left on the surface. In a typical car Wash usingforty to fifty pounds pressure, the application may involve twelve tosixteen ounces of the dilute solution applied in about thirty secondswith about five to eight gallons of water.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION This application is acontinuation in part of my application Ser. No. 469,309, filed July 22,1965, now abandoned.

BACKGROUND OF INVENTION It is recognized that a coating of hard wax onthe finish of an automobile body or other metal surface enhancesappearance and preserves the finish. However, previous wax coatings haverequired a first operation to spread the wax completely and uniformlyover the cleaned automobile surface, and a bufling operation forpolishing the wax. The buffing operation has required considerableeffort.

Accordingly, attempts have been made to adapt an aqueous petroleumproduct emulsion for application as a spray during automobile washing.Petroleum products Re. 27,890 Reissued Jan. 15, 1974 The presentinvention provides a coating of hard wax which is self-spreading andself-polishing and applied in a separate operation. The material spreadsover a wet automobile surface in such form that it requires no rubbing.It is not even wiped except to remove the droplets of water from thevehicle. Moreover, the coating increases in adhesion with the passage oftime up to a period of two or three days.

The essential elements responsible for this result are believed to bethe carnauba wax and the cationic emulsifier. The results are best ifthe emulsion is applied hot, the temperature of the emulsion, asdistinguished from that of the spray vehicle, being at least 50 C.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT The preferred ranges of proportionsare indicated in the Abstract of Disclosure. In the following specificformulae, the non-ionic surfactant in the formulation of the inventionis supplied by the Stepan Chemical Company of Northfield, 111., underthe trademark of the Makon series. The Makon series are non-ionicsurfactants, chemically (nonyl phenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol). Thesesurfactants are prepared by the reaction of nonyl phenol with ethyleneoxide. The Makon 4 contains 4 mols of Ethylene oxide. Makon 10 contains10 mols of ethylene on e.

Formulation No. 1 Component: Weight percent Carnauba wax 4 Mineralspirits 7 Non-ionic surfactant:

Makon 4 .25 Makon l0 .75 Cationic emulsifier:

Aliphatic amine acetate 7 Water 81 The added water makes a concentratedsolution totalling 30 gallons.

In the foregoing formulation, the wax constitutes 21% by weight of theactive ingredients, the mineral spirits constitute 37% by weight, thenon-ionic surfactants constitute 5% by weight, and the cationicemulsifier constitutes 37% by weight.

Formulation No. 2

The foregoing formulation includes about 21% by weight wax, about 37% byweight mineral spirits, about 5% by weight non-ionic emulsifiers andabout 37% by weight of the cationic emulsifier, based on the totalactive ingredients.

Formulation No. 2 is made the same as Formulation No. 1. However, usedin a car wash it should be heated above 50 C. and stirred because thematerial is thick. The water temperature in the vehicle line should be5-10 C. warmer than the wax mixture.

Desired procedure of preparing Formulation l or 2 is illustrated below:

The aliphatic amine acetate (cationic emulsifier) and lgglfif themineral spirits are heated in a container to The wax, non-ionicsurfactant and half of the mineral spirits are heated in a separatecontainer to 100 C.

When these two separate containers of the above mixtures reach theirprescribed temperature, they are poured into a separate preheatedcontainer. The best results are achieved when the aliphatic amineacetate and mineral spirits mixture is poured into the heater first andthen the wax mixture. This combined mixture is stirred gently forapproximately two minutes. It is then poured into a container of waterwhich approaches 95 C. If the heat is excessive, the reaction may beviolent. This final mixture then is stirred and agitated forapproximately 15-20 minutes.

The thirty gallon concentrate can be extended with a like amount ofadditional water. Used in a car wash, the concentrated or dilutedformulation is desirably heated to a temperature of about 38-76 C. Suchheating is not absolutely essential. It can be used at ambienttemperature. In that event, the composition is siphoned or pumped into awater line that contains water at a temperature in excess of 60 C. It isagain extended with sufiicient water so that amount of concentrateactually is about eight to twelve ounces per car and thirty secondsrequired for the washing operation.

The spray arch usually contains approximately seven spray nozzles whoseangle of spray is between 80 and 100. When sprayed, preferably hot, ontoa car, the wax plates out and adheres to the clean metal surface. Theremaining droplets of water are removed with a blast of air or minorwiping. The surface is now waxed and assumes high polish.

While waxing of vehicle bodies has been referred to for exemplification,it will be understood that the wax composition and procedures can beused to put wax coatings on other pre-cleaned surfaces. The small amountof time required to wax a car is particularly noteworthy.

Formulation No. 3

The added water makes a concentrated solution totalling 30 gallons]Suflicient water is added to foregoing active ingredients to thirtygallons in volume.

In the foregoing formulation, the wax constitutes 20% by weight of theactive ingredients, the mineral spirits constitute 35 by weight, thenon-tonic surfactants constitute 5% by weight, and the cationicemulsifiers constitute 40% by weight.

Formulation No. 3 is prepared in a similar manner as No. l with thefollowing exception: The quaternary ammonium chloride is mixed with 25%of the mineral spirits bring forty pounds of the and added to theformula after the water has been added and cooled to room temperature.

In either case the preferred procedure is as follows:

Step I.*Carnauba wax, non-ionic surfactant and mineral spirits areheated to 100 C.

Step II.The amine acetate and mineral spirits to C.

Step III.-These are blended and mixed together.

Step IV.They are added to the water and stirred and packaged.

Step V.-The wax is sprayed onto a car using hot water as the vehicle.

are heated Cationic emulsifiers dimethyl di (hydrogenated-tallow)ammonium chloride dimethyl di (coco) ammonium chloride (75%) trimethyl(tallow) ammonium chloride (50%) aliphatic amine acetates In any case,the composition is applied as an independent fine hot spray. Thetemperature range normally is above 38" C. and below 76 C. The wax spraymay be controlled and applied automatically without manpower to coverthe entire surface with minimum runoff. The few droplets remaining onthe treated surface are readily wiped off in conventional dryingprocedure.

I claim:

1. A wax and oil-in-water emulsion for spray coating automobiles,consisting essentially of a wax in the amount of 3l0 lbs. carnauba wax,a liquid mineral oil in the amount of 7-14 lbs., a cationic emulsifierin the amount of 7-14 lbs, a non-ionic emulsifier consisting of nonylphenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol having 1-3 lbs. water soluble and A-llb. oil soluble portions, and water in approximate amount to bring 40lbs. of the other constituents to 30 gal. in volume.

2. The wax and oil-in-water emulsion of claim 1 in which the liquidmineral-oil is a naphtha.

3. The wax and oil-in-water emulsion of claim 1 in which the cationicemulsifier is of the group consisting of quaternary ammonium acetatesand chlorides and [quinidine salts] aliphatic amine acetates.

4. The wax and oil-in-water emulsion of claim 1 in which the non-ionicemulsifier consists essentially of nonyl phenoxy polyoxyethylenealcohols.

5. A wax and oil-in-water emulsion according to claim 1 in which theemulsion has a temperature above 38' C. and below [78 C.] 76" C.

6. A concentrate for dilution with hot water to form a spray coating forautomobiles, said concentrate consisting essentially of a wax andoil-in-wate r emulsion containing for every 40 parts by weight of thefollowing active ingredients, from 3 to 10 parts by weight of carnaubawax. from 7 to 14 parts by weight of an emulsifiable oil, from 7 to 14parts by weight of a cationic emulsifier, and 1 to 4 parts by weight ofa non-ionic emulsifier having both hydrophilic and lipophilicproperties.

7. The concentrate of claim 6 in which for every 20 parts by weight ofcarnauba wax in the active ingredients there are about 35 to 37 parts byweight of said oil, about 37 to 40 parts by weight of the cationicemulsifier and about 5 parts by weight of the non-ionic emulsifier.

8. The concentrate of claim 6 in which said non-ionic emulsifier hassurface active properties substantialiy equivtalent to those of amixture containing 3 parts by weight of a nonyl phenoxy polyethyleneethanol containing 10 mols of ethylene oxide per molecule and 1 part byweight of a nonyl phenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol containing 4 mols ofethylene oxide per molecule.

9. The concentrate of claim 6 in which said emulsi' fiable oil is amineral oil.

References Cited The following references, cited by the Examiner, are ofrecord in the patented file of this patent or the original patent.

6 UNITED STATES PATENTS Cooke et a] 106-10 Boyle et a1. 106-10X Boyle etal. 106-285 Clark et a1 106-285 X Atherton et al. 106-8 Atherton et al.106-8 JOSEPH L. SCHOFER, Primary Examiner J. B. EVANS, AssistantExaminer US. Cl. X.R.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. Re. 27,890 Dated Ianuary 15, 1974 Inventor) Edward HO lbUS It is certifiedthat: error appears in the above-identified patent and that said LettersPatent are hereby corrected as shown below:

CoIumn 4, after line 3!,"(trimethyl (tallow) ammonium chloride thefollowing has been omitted; "monoalkyl quayernary ammonium salts" Signedand sealed this 10th day of September 1974.

(SEAL) Attest:

MCCOY M. GIBSON, JR. C. MARSHALL DANN Attesting Officer Commissioner ofPatents )RM 90-1050 (Io-69! uscomwoc 6037M?

